Sei Brackish Mvura Desalination Yakakosha Kugadzirisa Kushomeka Kwemvura Yepasirese?
Kuwana mvura yakachena idambudziko guru munyika dzakawanda. Maererano nedata reWHO, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevagari vepasi hachina mvura yekunwa yakachena, uye huwandu hwepasi rose huchasvika mabhiriyoni masere muna 2023. 71% yenyika yakafukidzwa nemvura, asi 3% chete imvura yakachena, iyo inenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chinonwika. Kugadzirisa dambudziko remvura kunogona kuvimba nemvura ine brackish - munyu wayo uri pakati pemvura yakachena nemvura yegungwa, uye zviri nyore kurapa kupfuura. Desalination. Heino sumo yemvura ine brackish, nzira dzekurapa kwayo, uye basa rayo mukuzadzisa kudiwa kwepasi rose kwemvura yekunwa. .
Chii chinonzi brackish water desalination?
Mvura yebrackish imvura ine munyu wepamusoro pane mvura yakachena asi munyu wakaderera pane wegungwa. Munyu (salinity) zvinoreva kuwanda kwemunyu wakanyunguduka mumvura, saka mvura ine munyu ine munyu pane mvura yakachena asi inyoro pane mvura yegungwa. Brackish water (TDS 1000-10000 mg/L) inowanikwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dziri mukati menyika uye mumahombekombe egungwa.
Nzira yekuita sei nemvura ine brackish desalination?
Chikamu che20% chevanhu pasi rose vakatarisana nekushomeka kwemvura yekunwa kunokonzerwa nemvura ine brackish. Reverse Osmosis (RO) tekinoroji yave yakajairwa desalination mhinduro nekuda kwekushomeka kwayo kwesimba rekushandisa uye kwakasimba kuchinjika.
Reverse osmosis ndiyo inotungamira pasi rose desalination tekinoroji. Iyo reverse osmosis system inoshandisa dzvinyiriro kumvura yemunyu kuti ipfuure kuburikidza nesemi-permeable membrane. Makomba madiki ari mu membrane anovharira nzira yemunyu yakanyungudika uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa, asi inobvumira mvura kuti iyerere, ichishandura mvura yemunyu kuita mvura yakachena.
- Panyaya yekudiridza kwekurima, brackish mvura ine munyu we1000-5000 mg/L inoparadzirwa zvakanyanya muNorthwest China. Mushure mekurapwa nereverse osmosis tekinoroji, mhando yemvura inozadzisa zvizere zvinodiwa zvekudiridza zvezvirimwa.
- Mushure mekunge purazi yakaunza reverse osmosis desalination system, yakashandisa mvura yakagadziriswa brackish kudiridza munda wewolfberry, iyo isina kungogadzirisa dambudziko rekushayikwa kwemvura, asiwo yakawedzera goho rewolfberry ne20% nekuda kwekugadzikana kwemvura, uye shuga yemuchero yakawedzera zvakanyanya.
- Mumunda wekushandiswa kwemvura mumaindasitiri, reverse osmosis Desalinated Mvura inogona kushandiswa zvakananga seyakanyanya kushandiswa mvura mbishi zvinhu zvemagetsi mafekitori uye inotenderera inotonhorera mvura yemakemikari zvidyarwa.
- Kambani yemagetsi yemarasha inoshandisa tekinoroji yereverse osmosis kurapa mvura ine brackish yakatenderedza nzvimbo yechirimwa, ichitsiva mvura yepasi pechinyakare semvura yeboiler, iyo inogona kuchengetedza matani miriyoni 1.2 emvura yepasi gore rega rega uye kuderedza mutengo wekuchenesa chiyero neinopfuura mazana matatu ezviuru zveyuan.
- Nzvimbo yevafundisi inopa vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu vafudzi mvura yekunwa yakajairwa kuburikidza necentralized reverse osmosis desalination station, vachinyatsoonekana kumatambudziko ehutano anokonzerwa nekunwa kwenguva refu kwe-high-fluoride brackish mvura.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira reverse osmosis tekinoroji zvichienzaniswa nevamwe?
Kuenzaniswa nemamwe mabrackish water desalination tekinoroji, zvakanakira reverse osmosis tekinoroji zvakakosha.
Kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa ndicho chinhu chayo chinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Simba rinoshandiswa pakurapa 1 cubic mita yemvura ine brackish inongova 60% ye electrodialysis uye inenge 30% yeiyo distillation, kunyanya mukukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi nhasi.
Kusimba kwekushanda kuchinjika zvakare kunoratidza. Midziyo yacho inogona kuchinjika kugadzirisa chiyero chekushanda zvinoenderana nekudiwa kwekugadziriswa kwemvura, uye inogona kuchinjirwa kubva kumidziyo midiki yemumba kuenda kune hombe dzemanisiparati yekurapa.
Mukuwedzera, iyo reverse osmosis system ine diki tsoka uye yakakwira degree re automation. Kugadziriswa kwezuva nezuva kunongoda kudzokororwa kwesefa membranes uye kucheneswa kwemidziyo, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wevashandi.
Maitiro ekushandisa reverse osmosis tekinoroji kurapa mvura ine brackishdesalination?
Kutanga, mvura yakasvibirira inofanogadziriswa kuburikidza nemasefa ejecha equartz, activated carbon filters, kuchengetedza mafirita nemimwe midziyo yekubvisa yakaturikwa nyaya, colloids, microorganisms nezvimwe zvisina kuchena mumvura mbishi kuchengetedza reverse osmosis membrane;
Zvadaro mvura isati yagadziriswa inomanikidzwa nepamusoro-soro pombi uye inotumirwa kune reverse osmosis membrane musangano; pasi pechiito chekumanikidza, mamorekuru emvura anopfuura nemukati me membrane apo maion emunyu anotorwa uye akaparadzaniswa;
Mushure meizvozvo, mvura yakachena inokodzera inounganidzwa kuburikidza nepombi yekugadzira mvura, uye pakupedzisira iyo yakanyura yakadzika brine inoburitswa kubva muhurongwa kuburikidza nepaipi yemvura yakadzika, uye yobva yagadziriswa kana kuraswa nemichina yakakosha.
Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi yezvishandiso uye tekinoroji yakangwara, tarisiro yekurapwa kwemvura ine brackish yakakura.
- Iyo nyowani inopesana nekusvibiswa membrane zvinhu ine anti-kusvibiswa simba yakawedzera neanopfuura 50%, uye hupenyu hwayo hwebasa hunosvika makore 3-5;
- Iyo yakaderera-energy high-pressure pombi inosanganiswa neiyo simba rekudzoreredza mudziyo kuderedza iyo unit mvura simba rekushandisa kusvika pazasi 1.5 kWh/m3;
- Iyo yakangwara yekudzora sisitimu inovandudza kushanda kwayo ne15%.
- Mune ramangwana, kubatanidzwa kwesimba rinogona kudzokororwa uye reverse osmosis system inoderedza mutengo, uye kudzoreredza sisitimu kweiyo concentrated brine kuchawana kukunda-kukunda mamiriro.
Kana iwe uine chero chaunoda chekuchenesa mvura yebrackish, unogona kutibata chero nguva - senyanzvi yekugadzira mvura yekugadzira, Xinjieyuan Company ichaita nepainogona napo kukupa rubatsiro.
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Zita:Cliff Mok
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