Waht is Reverse Osmosis Data Collection uye Normalization?

2024-07-20

Reverse Osmosis (RO) kuunganidzwa kwedata uye kuenzanisa kwakakosha mukuongorora mamiriro e membrane uye kugadzirisa matambudziko angangove asati anyanya. Normalizing data data ine zvinhu zvekunze zvinokanganisa mashandiro e membrane inogonesa maapuro-kune-maapuro kuenzanisa paunenge uchiongorora data rekuita.Yakajairika RO performance data inofananidzwa neyakagadzikiswa yekutanga, senge apo membrane yaive nyowani, yakatsiviwa, kana kucheneswa.

Iyo inotevera data mbishi inounganidzwa kuona RO membrane hutano:
1. Feed Temp (F⁰)
2. Permeate Flow (GPM)
3. Concentrate Flow (GPM)
4. Feed Pressure (PSI)
5. Permeate Pressure (PSI)
6. Feed Conductivity
7. Permeate Conductivity

Ese aya maitiro ekushanda anokanganisa zvakananga kunaka uye huwandu hwemvura inoyerera iyo RO membranes inogona kuburitsa. Zvisinei, sezvo aya maitiro ekushanda ari kuramba achichinja, hazvibviri kuenzanisa kushanda kwakacherechedzwa kwemamwe maparameter pane imwe nguva uye kuenzanisa kune imwe nzvimbo pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekushanda. Kuchinja zvinhu, senge tembiricha, mhando yemvura yekudyisa, kuyerera kwepermeate, uye system inodzoreredza zvese zvinokanganisa kuita kwe membrane.

Normalizing RO data inobvumira mushandisi kuenzanisa RO membrane kuita kune yakatarwa mwero iyo isingaenderane nekuchinja mamiriro ekushanda. Yakajairika data inoyera iyo yakananga mamiriro eiyo RO membrane uye inoratidza yechokwadi RO membrane kuita uye hutano.

Dubbel_pass_RO-1-scaledr06

Reverse Osmosis Desalination Equipment

Data isina kujaira inogona kutsausa, sezvo zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kukonzera shanduko inogona kuratidzika kunge matambudziko asi, chaizvoizvo, asiri. Tembiricha yemvura yekudya ndiyo inonyanya kuoneka mamiriro anokanganisa ro system performance. Mutemo mukuru wechigunwe ndeyekufungidzira 1.5% permeate kuyerera shanduko padhigirii Fahrenheit (F⁰) shanduko.

Semuenzaniso, kana RO ikaburitsa 50 GPM yepermeate apo mvura yekudyisa yaive 60 F⁰ uyezve tembiricha yemvura yekudyisa yadonha 5 F⁰, saka RO yaizoburitsa ingangoita 46 GPM. Iyo 4 GPM kuderera kwechigadzirwa kwakaringana nekudonha kwetembiricha.

Kududzirwa kweData

Iyo RO opareta inozopedzisira yave nehanya nemhedzisiro miviri: kunaka uye huwandu hwemvura iri kugadzirwa. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, zvinhu zviviri izvi zvinogona kupesvedzerwa nehuwandu hwemhando dzakadai sekudzvinyirirwa kwemvura yekudya, kudzoreredza system, uye shanduko yemhando yemvura yekudyisa, kudoma mashoma.

Nezve Reverse Osmosis (RO) kuunganidzwa kwedata uye kusimudzira, kune matatu akaverengerwa maitiro anobatsira kupa mufananidzo uri nani wechokwadi membrane kuita uye kubatsira nemazvo kugadzirisa zvinogona kuitika RO system matambudziko anosanganisira huwandu uye kunaka kwemvura inogadzirwa neRO system. Nekuunganidza data rekushandisa, kuenzanisa data, uyezve kufambisa iyo yakajairwa data nekufamba kwenguva, uye kuenzanisa kukosha kune yekutanga (yakaverengerwa kubva kune yekutanga-up tsika apo RO membranes dzaive nyowani kana mushure mekucheneswa kana kutsiviwa) inogonesa kuita chiito kugadzirisa chero matambudziko asati agadziriswa kukuvara kweRO membranes kuitika.

Iwo matatu akaverengerwa kukosha anoshandiswa kutarisa uye maitiro ndeaya:
• Normalized Permeate Flow (NPF)
• Normalized Salt Rejection (NSR)
• Normalized Pressure Differential (NPD)

Normalized Permeate Flow (NPF)

NPF inoyera huwandu hwemvura inoyerera iyo RO iri kugadzira. Kana iyo NPF ikadonha gumi kubva muzana kusvika 15% pazasi kukosha kwekutanga (iyo NPF kuverenga pakutanga nematemu matsva kana pakatsiviwa kana kucheneswa membranes) ipapo izvi zvinoratidza RO membrane kukanganisa kana kuyera uye RO membranes inofanira kucheneswa.

Kana iyo NPF ikawedzera, saka izvi zvinoreva kuti kune kukuvadzwa kune RO membrane. Iko kukuvadza kunogona kukonzerwa nekurwiswa kwemakemikari (kubva kune Oxidizer seklorini) pane membrane kana mechanical issue (seO-ring failure).

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Kuti Normalized Permeate Flow (NPF) inoverengerwa sei

Iyo formula yekuverenga Normalized Permeate Flow (NPF) ndeye:

NPF = Permeate Flow x (Baseline aNDP/aNDP) x (Baseline TCF/TCF)

Kupi:

Dyisa TDS = Feed Conductivity/2
Concentrate Factor = (Permeate Flow + Concentrate Flow) / Concentrate Flow
Gadzirisa TDS = Dyisa TDS x Concentrate Factor
Avhareji yeNet Driving Pressure (aNDP) = ((((Feed Pressure + Concentrate Pressure)/2) – ((Feed TDS – Concentrate TDS)/200)) – Permeate Pressure
Feed Temp C = (5/9) x (Feed Temp - 32)
TCF (Temperature Correction Factor) = EXP (2640 x ((1/298) - (1/(273+Feed Temp C))))

Normalized Salt Rejection (NSR)

NSR inoratidza kuti RO membrane iri kuramba sei munyu (zvinosvibisa) uye inokanganisa kupenya kwemvura. Kana iyo NSR yakadzikira, saka huwandu hwemunyu unopinda nepakati peRO membrane unowedzera kugadzira yakaderera mhando permeate. Kudzikira kweNSR kunogona kuratidza RO membrane kukanganisa, kuyera, kana kudzikisira. Iyo inonyatsoita RO membrane inofanirwa kunge ichipa 97% kusvika 99% kurambwa. A membrane inoonekwa se "yakaipa" kana iyo RO kurambwa inodonha kusvika 90% kana pasi. Iyo yakajairwa RO kushanda span inoratidza yakatsiga NSR kuderera panguva yekuenderera kushandiswa. RO membranes inowanzogara makore akati wandei isati yada kutsiviwa uye kudzikira kwakadzikama muNSR chiratidzo chakajairika chemembrane yekuchembera. Iyo chaiyo RO membrane yekuchenesa regiment inogona kubatsira kuvandudza iyo NSR.

NSR inogona kubatsira pakuona nyaya dze biofouling. Kana biofouling ichinetsa, kazhinji NSR ichawedzera uye NPF inoderera. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo biofoulant ichanyatso sunga kusakwana kudiki muRO membrane nekudaro ichiwedzera kurambwa kwemunyu. Nekufamba kwenguva, iyo biofoulant layer inokura uye inotanga kufa uye makemikari akadai CO2, methane, uye/kana organic.
maasidhi anotanga kupararira kuburikidza ne membrane inobata permeate mvura yemhando (kushomeka kurambwa kwemunyu kunokonzera kuderera kweNSR).

Maverengerwo Akaitwa Munyu Kurambwa (NSR)

Iyo formula yekuverenga Normalized Sale Kurambwa (NSR) ndeiyi:

NSR = 100 ((Salt Passage x (Permeate Flow/Baseline Permeate Flow) x TCF) x 100)

Kupi:

Permeate TDS = Permeate Conductivity x 0.67
Feed TDS = Feed Conductivity / 2
Kurambwa kwemunyu = 1 - (Permeate TDS / Feed TDS)
Salt Passage = 1 - Kuramba Munyu
Feed Temp C = (5/9) x (Feed Temp - 32)
Temperature Correction Factor (TCF) = EXP (2640 x ((1/298) - (1/(273+ Feed Temp C))))

Temperature Correction Factor (TCF) Inotsanangurwa

Tembiricha yemvura ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukuita kwe reverse osmosis membranes. Vagadziri veMembrane vanopa kururamisa tembiricha yekupihwa tembiricha yekushanda, iyo inogona kusiyana nemugadziri, uye inogona kuverengerwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Nzira yeASTM, sezvaratidzwa pamusoro muzvose zviri zviviri NPF neNSR macalculation, ine Membrane Coefficient ye2640 inoshandiswa pachinangwa chedu chekutsvaga RO musiyano. Iyo Membrane Coefficient ye2640 inoshandiswa nekuti ruzhinji rwemembrane yedu inopindirana nenhamba iyi, uye mhedzisiro yekushandisa chaiyo coefficient yemembrane yega yega pane macalculation haina basa.

Normalized Pressure Differential (NPD)

Iyo NPD inotiudza kuchena kwakaita mvura yekudyisa spacer pa membrane, Aya ma spacers anongotenderedza 30- zviuru zve inch gobvu uye anonyanya kubatwa neplugging. Sezvo plugging inoitika, kuramba kuyerera kunowedzera uye kumanikidza dop kunowedzera.

Iyo NPD ichatanga kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekukanganisa uye kuyera. Iyo RO membranes inofanirwa kucheneswa kana DPD ichiwedzera ne15% kusvika 25% pamusoro peiyo yekutanga kukosha. NPD neNPF dzinofanirwa kutariswa pamwe chete kuti zvione kana RO membranes inofanira kucheneswa. Kazhinji NPF inoderera, uye NPD icharamba isina kuchinjwa. Izvi zvinongodaro nekuti kusvibisa / kuyera nyaya haisati yavhara mvura yekudyisa spacers. Nekufamba kwenguva, iyo NPD ichawedzera pamwe chete nekudonha kweNPF. Kudzikira kweNPD kunowanzo kukonzerwa nechakaipa kana kukanganisa kunoitwa panguva yekuunganidza data.

Kana NPD ichigona kuyerwa kune yega yega nhanho yeRO, kazhinji matambudziko anogona kuzivikanwa pakati pekusvibisa uye kuyera zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuwedzera kudonha kwekumanikidza. Kuwedzera kweNPD pamberi pechikamu cheRO kunoratidza kukanganisa, uye kuwedzera kweNPD muchikamu chechipiri kunoratidza kuwedzera.