]

Munsi yinyuma yo gushyira mubikorwa kurengera ibidukikije no kuzigama ingufu muburyo bwose, kuzamura the gukuramo ivumbitekinoroji ya gaz itanura no gushimangira ingaruka zo gukuraho ivumbi rya gaz itanura ryahindutse byanze bikunze inzira yo kuvugurura no guteza imbere inganda zijyanye. Hamwe no guhanga udushya no gukoresha ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo gutanura itanura rya gaz, tekinoroji yo kuyikuramo no kuyisukura yateye imbere kuva kumashanyarazi yatose kugeza kumisha yumye (harimo gukuramo imifuka, gukuramo amashanyarazi, nibindi). Ukurikije ibi, gufata Gukuraho umukungugu ikoranabuhanga nkurugero, duhereye kubisobanuro bifitanye isano, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo gukuraho umukungugu mumashanyarazi mu itanura rya gaz itanura ryasesenguwe, kandi ibibazo bihari bishyirwa imbere.

1.Gusubiramo tekinoroji yo gukuraho ivumbi

Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa ubwubatsi bwo kurengera ibidukikije no kubaka umutungo mu buryo bwose, tekinoroji yo gukuraho ivumbi mu mufuka yageze ku bisubizo bimwe by’iterambere, kandi ikoranabuhanga ry’ibikoresho, tekinoroji yo kugenzura byikora, serivisi z’ibicuruzwa, ibikoresho bya sisitemu, ibikoresho byihariye byo kuyungurura fibre byatejwe imbere ku buryo butandukanye.

2.Uburyo bwo gusaba bwa umufuka Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji mukurandura itanura rya gaz

2.1. Ikusanyirizo ry'iyungurura ibikoresho bya Akayunguruzo

Iyo tekinoroji yo kuyungurura imifuka ikoreshwa kugirango isukure kandi ikureho umukungugu wa gaze itanura, ibikoresho byo muyungurura mumashanyarazi mu mifuka bizakusanya ivumbi ryumukungugu binyuze muburyo bwo kugongana kutagira imbaraga, ingaruka za electrostatike, ingaruka zo gusuzuma, ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza ningaruka zo kugabanuka.

Kurugero, iyo ibice binini byumukungugu mu itanura riturika biri munsi yumuyaga uhumeka kandi hafi yumutego wa fibre ya filteri yimifuka, bitemba vuba. Ibice binini bizatandukira inzira yumuyaga munsi yingufu zidafite imbaraga hanyuma zijye imbere zigana inzira yambere, hanyuma zihure na fibre zifata, zizaba zikomeye bitewe ningaruka zo gufata fibre ya fibre. Noneho umukungugu wuzuye. Muri icyo gihe, iyo umwuka utambutse unyuze muyungurura ibintu byungurura umufuka, ingaruka ya electrostatike ikorwa hifashishijwe imbaraga zo guterana amagambo, bigatuma uduce twumukungugu twishyurwa, kandi ivumbi ryumukungugu ryamamajwe kandi rifatwa nigikorwa cyo gutandukanya imbaraga nimbaraga za Coulomb.

2.2. Ikusanyirizo ryumukungugu mumashanyarazi

Mubisanzwe, akayunguruzo imifuka yimifuka ikozwe muri fibre. Mugihe cyo kweza no kuyungurura, uduce twumukungugu tuzakora "ikiraro cyo kuraro" mubusa bwurushundura rwibikoresho, bizagabanya ubunini bwa pore bwurushundura rwibikoresho hanyuma buhoro buhoro bibe umukungugu. Kuberako umurambararo wumukungugu mubice byumukungugu ari muto kurenza diameter ya fibre yibikoresho bya fibre ku rugero runaka, kuyungurura no gufata intera yumukungugu bigaragara, kandi ingaruka zo gukuraho ivumbi ryumufuka zungurura.

2.3. Kweza no kuvanaho itanura rya gaz itanura kumashanyarazi. Mubisanzwe, ingano yubunini bwikwirakwizwa ryumwotsi numukungugu muri gaz itanura rya gaz biva kuri bito kugeza binini. Kubwibyo, mugikorwa cyo kuyungurura imifuka, umwuka wumwuka urimo umukungugu uzanyura muyungurura ibikoresho byo muyungurura. Muri ubu buryo, ibice binini byumukungugu bizasigara mubikoresho byo kuyungurura cyangwa hejuru yumurongo wibikoresho byungururwa nuburemere, mugihe uduce duto twumukungugu (munsi yigitambaro cyo kuyungurura ubusa) tuzahatirwa gukora, kwerekana cyangwa gusiga mumeza yibikoresho. Ubuso busigaye mu cyuho cyumwenda wo kuyungurura ukoresheje icyerekezo cya Brown. Hamwe no kwegeranya ibintu byinshi byumukungugu byafashwe nibikoresho byo kuyungurura, hazakorwa urwego rwumukungugu hejuru yumufuka wa filteri, kandi kurwego runaka, ruzahinduka "filteri membrane" yumufuka wo kuyungurura kugirango byongere imbaraga zo gukuraho no gukuramo ivumbi ryayunguruzo.

3.Gusaba tekinoroji yo gukuramo umufuka mu itanura rya gaz itanura

3.1. Incamake yo gusaba

Sisitemu yo kuvanaho umukungugu igizwe ahanini na sisitemu yo gukuraho ivu inyuma, sisitemu yo kugenzura, sisitemu ya gazi isukuye igice, sisitemu yubushyuhe bwa gazi isukuye igice, uburyo bwo gutanga ivu hamwe no gupakurura ivu, nibindi.

3.2. Ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi

3.2.1. Gushyira mu bikorwa Sisitemu yo Gusukura Inyuma

Muri sisitemu yo kuvanaho umukungugu, sisitemu yo gukuraho ivu inyuma irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: sisitemu yo gukuraho ivu ryatewe na sisitemu yo gukuraho ivu hamwe na sisitemu yo gukuraho ivu rya azote. Sisitemu yogusunika inyuma-gukuramo sisitemu ni uburyo bwo kuyungurura imbere. Iyo gaze yuzuye ivumbi itembera hanze binyuze mu mufuka wo kuyungurura umufuka, umuyonga uhinduka uhindura icyerekezo mugikorwa cya sisitemu yo kuvanaho ivu inyuma, bikamenya ko umwuka uva hanze ugana imbere, bityo ukagera ku ntego yo gukuraho ivumbi binyuze mu gukusanya umufuka wo kuyungurura. Sisitemu ya azote isubiza inyuma ivumbi ryumukungugu nugutemba gaze irimo uduce twumukungugu kuva hasi kugera hejuru yumufuka wa filteri. Mugihe ushimangira uruhare rwumukungugu, kwirundanya umukungugu hejuru yumufuka wiyungurura urashobora gusukurwa hifashishijwe valve. Kugirango urusheho kugira uruhare runini rwa sisitemu yo guhanagura ivu, hagomba gukorwa isesengura ryihariye ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze.

3.2.2. Gushyira mu bikorwa Sisitemu Itandukanye

Mubikorwa byo gusaba umufuka, ni ngombwa cyane kurinda umutekano n’umutekano wa sisitemu itandukanye yo kumenya igitutu. Mubisanzwe, ingingo zerekana itandukaniro ryumuvuduko zigabanywa cyane cyane mumyuka ya gaze no gusohoka hamwe nicyumba cya gaze gisukuye cyumubiri. Ubuhanga no gushyira mu gaciro kwishyiriraho sisitemu nurufunguzo rwo kwemeza ukuri no kumenya neza ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bitandukanye byerekana ibimenyetso, kandi kumenya neza ni bwo buryo bwingenzi bwo kuzamura ireme ry’imikorere y’abakusanya ivumbi, ndetse n’uburyo bukomeye bwo kuzamura ubuzima bwa serivisi bw’imifuka yungurura, kuzamura ireme rya sisitemu no kugabanya gukoresha ingufu.

3.2.3. Ikoreshwa rya Semi-isukuye Umutekano wa gazi Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe

Mu gihe cyo gutanura itanura riturika mu nganda z’ibyuma n’ibyuma, gaze ikorwa n’ibikoresho byo mu itanura riturika izahinduka "gaze isukuye igice" mu rwego rwo kweza imbaraga no gukuraho ivumbi. Muri icyo gihe, gaze isukuye yinjira mu gikapu cyungurura umufuka unyuze mu cyuma gihumye, ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu gikusanya ivumbi hamwe n’umuyoboro wa gazi usukuye kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi. Mubisanzwe, iyo gazi isukuye yinjiye mu muyoboro wo gukusanya ivumbi, ubushyuhe bwa gaze buzahinduka ku rugero runaka, ni ukuvuga gushyuha. Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe, umwuka wo mu kirere uzangiza isakoshi muyungurura umukungugu kandi utwike umufuka. Kubwibyo, kugirango umutekano wubushyuhe ugerweho, birakenewe ko hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa gazi isukuye kugirango igenzure ubushyuhe.

3.2.4. Izindi ngamba zo gusaba

Kugirango tumenye neza uruhare rwurungano rwimifuka no kugabanya gukoresha ingufu mubikorwa. Mubikorwa byo gusaba, birakenewe guhitamo siyanse ya valve agasanduku kegeranya ivumbi kugirango umutekano urusheho gukomera no kwirinda gaze kumeneka mugikorwa cyo gukuraho ivumbi. Mubisanzwe, iyo umuvuduko wurusobe rwa sisitemu uhindutse kandi ukagira ingaruka mbi kumibabi yikinyugunyugu, isahani igororotse yumukungugu wikinyugunyugu cyangwa binyuze mugushiraho imyobo ikuraho ivumbi irashobora gukoreshwa mugukomeza ikinyugunyugu.

4.Kurangiza amagambo

Mu gushonga inganda, ni ingenzi cyane kuzamura igipimo cy’imikoreshereze y’umutungo wa gaze y’itanura, kugabanya ihumana ry’ibidukikije rya gaze y’itanura, kuzamura ubukungu bw’inganda, no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’inganda.