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Imvura ya Electrostatike itose
Itondekanya ryimvura ya electrostatike
Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora isuku burashobora kugabanywamo imvura yumye ya electrostatike yumye, imvura igwa ya electrostatike itose, icyegeranyo cyibicu cya electrostatike ikusanya hamwe nubushyuhe bwa electrostatike.
(1) Imvura yumye ya electrostatike: umukungugu uri muri gaze ya flue ufatwa mugihe cyumye, kandi umukungugu washyizwe kumubaho ukusanya ivumbi usukurwa no kunyeganyezwa kwa mashini hamwe no kunyeganyega kwa electronique.
(2) Imvura igwa ya electrostatike: ku mukungugu wakusanyirijwe hamwe nu mukungugu wo gukusanya ivumbi, gutera amazi kurengerwa cyangwa gukoresha uburyo bukwiye kugirango ube urwego rwamazi ya firime hejuru yumukungugu wikusanyirizo ryumukungugu, kugirango umukungugu washyizwe kumukungugu wumukungugu hamwe namazi atembera hamwe mugice cyo hepfo cyumukungugu kugirango asohoke, ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo gukora isuku bwitwa imvura ya electrostatike.
(3) Ibicu by'ibicu electrostatike defogger: Koresha imvura ya electrostatike kugirango ufate ibitonyanga nka acide sulfurike igihu hamwe nigicu cyumucyo, hanyuma umanuke mumazi nyuma yo gufata no gukuramo.
(4) Imvura igwa ya Semi-wet: byombi byumye bya electrostatike yumye hamwe nibyiza bya electrostatike yimvura, hariho imvura yumye, itose ivanze na electrostatike, izwi kandi nka sem-wet electrostatic precipitator; Sisitemu yimiterere nuko gazi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru ibanza gusohoka binyuze mubyumba bibiri byo gukuramo ivumbi ryumye, hanyuma ikanyura mubyumba byo gukuramo ivumbi binyuze muri chimney.
Itondekanya ryimvura ya electrostatike
Imvura itose ya electrostatike (izwi kandi ko ikusanya ivumbi ryamashanyarazi) ikora kuburyo bukurikira:
1. Mu ntangiriro yimikorere, ibintu bitandukanya amashanyarazi bihamye byinjira mumyuka yumuyaga wa electrostatike itose.
2. Umwuka uva mu kirere ubanza kunyura mu cyumba cyo gutera amazi aho spray ifata kandi igahindura ibice byo mu kirere.
3. Gutera imiti itanga ibice biva mu kirere bikageza ku bitonyanga by'amazi, bigatuma biremerwa kandi bikarohama.
4. Bahura namazi yo mu kigega cyo hasi, bityo bagatandukana rwose nu mwuka.
5. Umwanya wa electrostatike ukoreshwa mukuzamura ingaruka zo gukuraho ivumbi. Mu mvura itose ya electrostatike, uduce duto twa spray dukoreshwa na generator ya electrostatike mucyumba cyo gutera amazi gifite umuriro uhagaze.
6. Ibice bifatanye nigitonyanga cyamazi hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa electrostatike bifatanye neza nigitonyanga cyamazi nimbaraga za electrostatike hamwe no guhanagura hejuru hamwe nubushakashatsi bwiyongereye cyane.
7. Ibitonyanga byamazi nyuma yubuvuzi bwa electrostatike byongeye gusubizwa mu kigega cy’imitsi, kandi ubwinshi bw’ibintu byaragabanutse mbere yuko umwuka unyura mu mukungugu.
8. Umwuka usukuye urekurwa mubidukikije, bityo bikagera ku ngaruka zo gukuraho ivumbi.
Ihame ryakazi ryimvura ya electrostatike itose ahanini ishingiye ku guhuza imiti y’amazi ningaruka za electrostatike kugirango itandukane nu mwuka kandi isukure neza ikirere.
Imvura itose ya electrostatike ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bya kabiri byo gukuramo ivumbi byongewemo nyuma ya desulfurizasi. Imvura itose ya electrostatike ni ibikoresho bishya byo gukuraho ivumbi bikoreshwa mu guhangana n’umukungugu wa mikorobe na mikorobe, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukuraho umukungugu, PM2.5, aerosol, umunuko, igihu cya aside, ibitonyanga by’amazi n’ibindi bintu byangiza mu myuka itose, kandi ni ibikoresho byiza byo kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere.
Imvura itose ya electrostatike igizwe ahanini n’ibisohoka n’ibisohoka, umubiri w’inzu y’imvura, isahani ya deflector, gride ikosora, umukungugu wa anode ukusanya umurongo wa cathode umurongo, agasanduku ko kubika, sisitemu y’amazi meza, gutanga amashanyarazi no kugenzura. Ubwoko bwimiterere muri rusange bugabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: isahani na tube. Ikusanyirizo ryumukungugu ryibisahani riringaniye cyane, gukora firime yamazi nibyiza, umurongo wa corona ugabanywa hagati yamasahani, kandi umubiri nyamukuru umeze nkimvura yumye ya electrostatike yumye, ishobora gutwara gaze ya flux murwego cyangwa kugororoka. Umukungugu wikusanyirizo wumukungugu mubusanzwe ni uruziga ruzengurutse cyangwa rufite ibyuma byinshi muburyo bubangikanye, kandi umurongo wa corona ukwirakwizwa hagati, ushobora gufata umwotsi ugororotse gusa. Ibigize hanze yimvura itose ya electrostatike ifata ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone, kandi imbere harikumwe kugirango ruswa ikumirwe. Mugihe ushyira igikoresho, hagomba kwitonderwa kwangirika kwimbere, cyane cyane aho gusudira hamwe nibice bigize ibice.
Imvura igwa ya electrostatike itose ifite uburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwubatswe, bumwe ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bitwara ruswa idashobora kwangirika nkikusanyirizo ryumukungugu, ikindi ni ugukoresha spray yamazi cyangwa amazi arengerwa kugirango habeho firime yamazi yayobora, gukoresha ibikoresho bidatwara ibyuma bidafite ibyuma nkikusanyirizo ryumukungugu, byanze bikunze, bishobora no kugabanywa mubice bitambuka kandi bigenda bihindagurika ukurikije imyuka ya gazi itambuka. Imiterere isa na progaramu ya electrostatike yumye, imigezi ihagaritse ahanini ni tubular, kandi gazi itemba iri kandi isohoka yerekeza.
Imvura itose ya electrostatike irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwambukiranya ubwoko nubwoko butambitse. Munsi yumuyaga umwe uhuza ibice, uburyo bwo kuvanaho umukungugu wubutumburuke bwimvura itose ni inshuro ebyiri nubwoko bwambukiranya.
Ibigize imvura igwa ya electrostatike
Imvura itose ya electrostatike (WESP) igizwe ahanini numubiri wubatswe, sisitemu ya cathode, sisitemu ya anode, sisitemu yo gutunganya atomisiyoneri, sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi, sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi, nibindi (reba ishusho). Umubiri wa WESP mubusanzwe umeze nkuwa ESP yumye, harimo ihembe ryinjira, ihembe risohoka, igikonoshwa, gusohora electrode na kadamu, insulator ikusanya, atomize nozzle n'umuyoboro.
(1) Sisitemu ya CathodeSystem Sisitemu ya cathode igizwe na cathode ifite urumuri, umurongo wa cathode, uburemere buremereye hamwe na cathode yo hepfo. Impera yo hejuru yumurongo wa cathode imanikwa kuri cathode ifite ibiti, naho impera yo hepfo ihujwe numurongo wa cathode nuburemere buremereye. Ihame ryo guhitamo insinga ya cathode iraramba, voltage ya corona nkeya, gusohora gukomeye, ubwinshi bwa corona yubucucike, gukomera gukomeye, kurwanya imizi, kurwanya chloride ion yangirika (nkibikoresho bya gurş-antimoni). Umurongo wibiti bisanzwe bikoreshwa nka electrode isohoka kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa kugirango ushire umukungugu mwiza. Guhitamo ibipimo byimirongo itandukanye ya cathode.
(2) Sisitemu ya AnodeSystem Sisitemu ya anode ikoresha plaque idasanzwe ya anode (tube) kugirango ihuze ibisabwa kugirango ikorwe na atomisiyasi no gukaraba. Kubijyanye na vertical electrostatic precipitator, sisitemu nyinshi zubu zikoresha uburyo bwa hexagonal conductive hamwe na flame retardant ibirahuri fibre ikomezwa ya pulasitike ya pulasitike itunganijwe nkibiti byo gukusanya ivumbi. Ubuki bwa electrode yubuki bugizwe nigituba cya CFRP cyibishashara gifite uruziga rwimbere rwa 50350mm / 360mm, uburebure bwurukuta rwa 3mm nuburebure bwa 6000mm, kandi bigahagarikwa kumurongo winkingi ya bundle.
(3)Sisitemu yo gukaraba no gukarabaSystem Sisitemu ya atomizing no gukaraba isanzwe ishyirwa mugice cyo hejuru cyimvura na electrostatike. Ibitonyanga byamazi byinjira muri WESP itose ya electrostatike yimvura ikorera hamwe na gaze ya flue, kandi ikunda kumenagura umukungugu ukusanya electrode munsi yumurima wamashanyarazi, hanyuma ugakora firime yamazi kumivu ikusanya electrode. Mubikorwa bya rukuruzi, ibitonyanga bijyanwa mu kigega cyo gukusanya amazi cyangwa umunara wa desulfurizasi. Ibitonyanga byibicu bigira ingaruka nyinshi zingirakamaro kumikorere yo gukuraho ivumbi rya electrostatike.
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2. Igitonyanga giterwa mu buryo butaziguye ahantu hasohoka electrode na corona, kandi electrode isohoka nayo irashobora kugira uruhare rwa atomizer. Amashanyarazi amwe arashobora gutahura imyanda ya corona, atomisiyasi yamazi, ibicu byamazi hamwe nu mukungugu wumukungugu, kandi bikamenya guhuza ibinyabuzima byamashanyarazi hamwe nigicu cyamazi.
3. Ibitonyanga byatewe mu buryo butaziguye kuri electrode isohoka, kandi amafaranga ni menshi, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuzamura cyane uburyo bwo kuvanaho umukungugu kuruta kugongana no gufata isahani y’amazi ya atome mu murima w’amashanyarazi.
4. Shira ibitonyanga kumashanyarazi ya electrode hamwe na corona kugirango urusheho guteranya igihu cyamazi. Ntaho uhurira hagati yamashanyarazi ahamye nigikoresho cya spray atom, kandi ntakibazo gihari.
5. Ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho ivumbi.
6. Ibitonyanga bigira amazi atembera kumukungugu ukusanya inkingi, kugirango umukungugu ukusanya inkingi (umuyoboro) uhorana isuku, ukuraho igikoresho cyinyeganyeza, kandi wirinde umwanda wa kabiri uterwa no gukuraho ivumbi ryumye kubera isuku yinyeganyeza.
(4) Sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi: Sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi ikubiyemo kuzenguruka ikigega cyamazi, kuzenguruka pompe yamazi, ikigega cyamazi yamazi, pompe yamazi yamazi, ikigega cyo kubikamo alkali, pompe yipima alkali, ikigega cyamazi yinganda, pompe yamazi yinganda hamwe nimiyoboro ijyanye nayo. Nyuma yo gutera no kumena umukungugu, amazi yakusanyirijwe abanza gukusanyirizwa mu kigega cyamazi, hanyuma akongerwaho igisubizo cya NaOH kugirango ahindure agaciro ka pH, hanyuma asohorwa muri sisitemu ya desulfurizasi nkamazi yinyongera. Ayandi mazi yuzuye mumazi azenguruka binyuze mumazi. Amazi azenguruka mu kigega cyamazi azenguruka yashyizwe hamwe na pH ifite agaciro ka 8 ~ 10 hiyongeraho amazi yinganda na lye, ikoreshwa nkamazi azenguruka yimvura itose ya electrostatike hanyuma igasubizwa muri nozle ya atomize. Amazi yatakaye asohoka hanze yunganirwa namazi yinganda.
(5) Sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi: Sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi ya WESP itose ya electrostatike yimvura igizwe nibice bibiri: sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu nke hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu nyinshi. Umutwaro w'amashanyarazi urimo umubiri wimvura WESP, ibikoresho byo gushyushya agasanduku, pompe yamazi nibindi. Sisitemu yo kugenzura imbaraga nkeya ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza ingufu zogukwirakwiza agasanduku gashushe, gashyizwemo na sisitemu yo kugenzura PLC, ikoreshwa mugutahura automatike yimashini isusurutsa, kuburyo ubushyuhe bwakazu kegeranye buri gihe bugumaho kuri 100 ~ 120 ℃; Sisitemu yo kugenzura ingufu nyinshi cyane cyane ni minisiteri ishinzwe kugenzura ingufu za voltage nini na generator nini cyane, itanga ingufu kubikoresho bya electrode ya corona kugirango bibe umurima wa corona kandi bigere ku kwezwa kwinshi kwa gaz.
Mu ncamake, ibice bigize imvura ya electrostatike itose biragoye kandi bitandukanye, kandi buri kintu kigira uruhare runini. Igice cya electrostatike yimvura, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi, sisitemu yo guhumeka hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura bifatanya kugirango barangize ivumbi no kweza ikirere. Igikorwa cyo gufatanya nibi bice bituma imvura igwa neza ya electrostatike ibikoresho byiza kandi byizewe byo kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere.
Ihame ryakazi ryimvura ya electrostatike
Ihame ryakazi ryimvura ya electrostatique nugukoresha amashanyarazi menshi yumuriro kugirango ionize gaze ya flue, kandi ivumbi ryashizwe mumasoko yikirere ritandukanijwe numugezi wumwuka munsi yumuriro wamashanyarazi. Electrode itari nziza ikozwe mu nsinga zifite ibyuma bitandukanye kandi byitwa gusohora electrode. Electrode nziza ikozwe mubyuma byuburyo butandukanye bwa geometrike kandi yitwa umukungugu ukusanya electrode. Imikorere yimvura ya electrostatike yibasiwe nibintu bitatu, nkumutungo wumukungugu, imiterere yibikoresho n'umuvuduko wa gaz. Kurwanya umukungugu byihariye ni indangagaciro yo gusuzuma amashanyarazi, bigira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere yo gukuraho ivumbi. Kurwanya byihariye ni bike cyane, kandi biragoye ko umukungugu uguma kumukungugu ukusanya electrode, bigatuma basubira mumigezi. Niba kurwanya kwihariye ari hejuru cyane, umukungugu wumukungugu ugera mukungugu ukusanya electrode ntabwo byoroshye kurekura, kandi umuvuduko wa voltage uri hagati yumukungugu uzatera gusenyuka no gusohoka. Ibi bintu bizatera imikorere yo gukuraho ivumbi kugabanuka.
Amashanyarazi yimvura ya electrostatike agizwe nagasanduku kayobora, booster transformateur na rectifier. Ibisohoka biva mumashanyarazi nabyo bigira uruhare runini muburyo bwo gukuraho ivumbi. Kubwibyo, voltage ikora ya electrostatike yimvura igomba kubikwa hejuru ya 40 kugeza 75kV cyangwa 100kV.
Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho bikurura, imvura igwa ya electrostatike ifite ingufu nke kandi ikuraho ivumbi ryinshi. Birakwiye gukuraho umukungugu wa 0.01-50μm muri gaze ya flue, kandi urashobora gukoreshwa mugihe gifite ubushyuhe bwa gaze ya flue hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi. Imyitozo yerekana ko uko gazi nini ivuwe, niko ubukungu bushora imari nigikorwa cyimvura ya electrostatike.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere yimvura ya electrostatike
Imikorere yimvura ya electrostatike yibasiwe nibintu bitatu, nkumutungo wumukungugu, imiterere yibikoresho n'umuvuduko wa gaz. Kurwanya umukungugu byihariye ni indangagaciro yo gusuzuma amashanyarazi, bigira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere yo gukuraho ivumbi. Kurwanya byihariye ni bike cyane, kandi biragoye ko umukungugu uguma kumukungugu ukusanya electrode, bigatuma basubira mumigezi. Niba kurwanya kwihariye ari hejuru cyane, umukungugu wumukungugu ugera mukungugu ukusanya electrode ntabwo byoroshye kurekura, kandi umuvuduko wa voltage uri hagati yumukungugu uzatera gusenyuka no gusohoka. Ibi bintu bizatera imikorere yo gukuraho ivumbi kugabanuka. Imvura ya electrostatike ikwiranye nogutunganya gaze hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwumukungugu, nibindi bikoresho byo gukuraho ivumbi bigomba kwitabwaho kubibazo byumukungugu mwinshi.
1 Ibice noneho bisizwe hamwe namazi byoroshye gufatwa nuburyo bukomeye bwo gufata imitego byasobanuwe haruguru. Ubusanzwe ubukonje buboneka muguhuza imyuka yumuyaga kumuvuduko muke kumuvuduko mwinshi, kwinjiza umwuka mumigezi yuzuye, cyangwa / no gukonjesha bitemba neza.
2. Inzitizi: Niba agace gato kazengurutse inzitizi mu mazi, irashobora guhura nimbogamizi bitewe nubunini bugereranije bwumubiri. Ibi kandi bibaho mubikorwa ugereranije nibikorwa byumukungugu nibitonyanga.
3. Birashoboka ko ibintu nk'ibi biterwa nibihinduka byinshi, cyane cyane ubunini bwa inertia yingingo nubunini bwinzitizi (kubijyanye n’imvura igwa, inzitizi ni igitonyanga). Mugukusanya ivumbi, ingaruka zidafite imbaraga zitangwa hagati yumukungugu nigitonyanga kinini.
4. Scrubber ya electrostatike ikoresha ubu buryo kugirango ikureho umukungugu nigitonyanga cyamazi bityo bitezimbere uburyo bwo gukusanya ivumbi.
5. Inzira ibice bito biva mubice byibanda cyane mukarere kegeranye cyane byitwa diffusion. Gutandukana ni ngombwa nkibikorwa bya Browniani, kugenda gutunguranye kwuduce duto duto nkuko bihura na molekile ya gaze ikikije nibindi bice. Iyo utwo duce dufatiwe mu gitonyanga, ubunini bwibice mu gace kegereye igitonyanga buragabanuka, naho ibindi bice byongeye kuva mu gace kegeranye cyane kerekeza mu gace kegeranye cyane hafi yigitonyanga.
Kubungabunga buri munsi imvura igwa
. Andika rimwe buri saha.
2. Kurikirana izamuka ryubushyuhe bwo gukosora silikoni nini cyane, ubushyuhe bwamavuta ntibushobora kurenga 80 ° C, nta majwi adasanzwe, kandi nta kintu kidasanzwe gisohoka mumashanyarazi asohoka cyane.
3. Buri incubator na hot hopper ashyushya akazi bisanzwe.
4. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura kuri guverinoma ishinzwe kugenzura bisanzwe.
5. Imikorere ya sisitemu yo gusohora ivu igomba kumvikana buri saha.
6.
7. Iyo umukungugu wumukungugu nibikoresho byunganira byananiranye cyangwa bidakoreshejwe neza mugihe gikora gisanzwe, nyirubwite agomba guhita ajya kwemeza aho amakosa ari, gusesengura icyabiteye, no kuvugana kugirango avurwe nyuma yo kubimenyeshwa.
8. Buri cyiciro kigomba gukora igenzura ryuzuye ryibikoresho byimvura ya electrostatike, kandi bigakora akazi keza ko gukora isuku mububasha bwumwanya wanditse, kwandika ibisobanuro birambuye kumiterere idasanzwe hamwe nubusembwa bwibikoresho byabaye mugikorwa cya shift, kandi bigakora akazi keza ko guhererekanya kwimuka.
9. Moteri, kugabanya, gutwara hamwe nibice byose byimuka bigomba kugenzurwa kabiri kuri buri mwanya, buri mavuta agomba kugenzurwa buri gihe amavuta, nibiba ngombwa, agomba kongera amavuta yo gusiga cyangwa amavuta.
10. Reba niba silicone ikoreshwa mugukama ifite ibara, kandi igomba gusimburwa mugihe ihindutse ibara.
ibisobanuro2