Umwanda wo Kuvomera Amazi

2024-10-30

Gukoresha Imashini Yogosha Imashini Yumuti wo Kuvura Amashanyarazi

Muri gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro amashanyarazi akoreshwa n’amakara, umwanda uterwa no gufata amazi mabi no gutunganya amazi y’amazi meza muri rusange bivurwa no kubura umwuma no gutwara abantu. Iyi sosiyete ni imwe mu mashanyarazi make akoresha ibi bikoresho muri iki gihe, kandi imaze gukusanya uburambe bwo gusaba mu gihe cyo gukoresha.Iyi mpapuro igamije kwagura igitekerezo cyo guhitamo ibikoresho mu buryo bwo gutunganya amazi baganira ku ihame n’ikoreshwa ry’ibi bikoresho.

Ihame ryakazi ryimashini yo kuvoma

Gahunda yo kuvomerera ibyondo uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi mu ruganda rw’amashanyarazi ikoreshwa cyane mu mashini yo kuvoma amasahani hamwe n’ikadiri hamwe n’imashini itanga amazi ya centrifugal, kandi ikoreshwa ry’imashini itanga amazi mu rugomero rutangira mu myaka yashize. Imashini itanga amazi isa na filteri ya lamination ukurikije ihame ryimiterere. Igikoresho cya screw kizunguruka muri lumen kigizwe nitsinda ryumuzingi uzunguruka kandi uhagaze neza. Diameter y'imbere yimpeta yimuka ni ntoya kurenza iy'impeta ihamye, kandi impeta yimuka igenda ugereranije nimpeta ihamye munsi yikurikiranya rya shitingi. Nyuma yo kwibandaho, icyondo gisunikwa imbere nigitereko cyo hagati hanyuma kigakomeza kwibumbira mucyondo. Iyo itsinda rya stack rirangiye hamwe nigitereko cya shitingi, icyondo cyondo kiranyeganyezwa kandi kigahindurwa umwuma nigitereko cyatewe nigitereko cy’imigozi, amaherezo kikagera ku cyondo. Ibyondo bitagira umwuma bigwa mucyuma cyo gukusanya ibyondo hanyuma bigakusanywa bikajyanwa hanze.

Imashini ya screw ya mashini yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi itwarwa na moteri ihindura inshuro. Muguhindura umuvuduko wa moteri, ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibyondo burashobora guhinduka. Hamwe noguhindura umuvuduko wikigereranyo cyo guhinduranya ibyondo byo kugaburira ibyondo, ibikorwa bikomeza byurwego rutandukanye rwibikoresho birashobora kugenzurwa. Icyondo kimaze kwinjira mu kigega cyo kuvanga flocculation ya mashini yo kuvoma amazi, hiyongereyeho ubufasha bukwiye bwa coagulant (PAM) kugirango icyondo kiri mucyondo kibe imbaga nini, byoroshye gutandukanya icyondo n’amazi.

Umuvuduko wa shitingi ya screw igenzurwa kuri 5 ~ 20 RPM binyuze muri moteri ihindura inshuro. Umuvuduko uratinda kandi imikorere iroroshye kandi ituje. Ugereranije na mashini yo kuvoma centrifugal, urusaku ruragabanuka cyane, kandi kwambara hagati yibice bigenda neza kandi bihagaze nabyo biragabanuka. Ugereranije nisahani hamwe nubwoko bwa dehydrator, ubwoko bwa screw dehydrator ibona imikorere ikomeza. Nyuma yuko umukoresha ahinduye umuvuduko wibyondo, umuvuduko wumugozi wa screw hamwe nigipimo cyimfashanyo ya coagulant, ubwoko bwa screw dehydrator ikora ubudahwema kandi neza nta bindi bikorwa. Gusa tegura ikinyabiziga cyoherezwa mugihe indobo y'ibyondo yuzuye, kugirango umenye imikorere idateganijwe.

Gukoresha imashini ya cascade screw yamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi

Imashini itanga amazi ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya imyanda yo mumijyi, ariko ntabwo ikoreshwa gake mugikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi yinganda. Irakwiriye kwitegura amazi mbisi no kubura ibyondo bya sisitemu y’amazi yanduye. Kugeza ubu, isosiyete yashyizeho imashini itunganya amazi yo mu bwoko bwa stack screw muri sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi y’amazi, hamwe n’imashini ebyiri zo kuvoma amazi muri sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi mabi. Kuva yashyizwe mubikorwa, ibikorwa birahagaze kandi bititabweho.

Ugereranije na plaque na mashini yo kuvoma hamwe na mashini yo kuvomerera centrifugal, inganda zamashanyarazi ntizumva neza iyi moderi, kubura amakuru afatika no gukoresha uburambe, hamwe numubare muto wamashanyarazi watangiye gukoresha ubu buryo bwo kubura ibyondo, imikorere yayo myiza hamwe nuburemere buke bwakazi, kuburyo abahanga mubya shimi batangiye kwita kuriyi moderi. Kubwoko butandukanye bwamazi yanduye, ibikoresho bitandukanye birakenewe muguhitamo ibikoresho. Kumashanyarazi yakozwe na sisitemu rusange yo gutunganya amazi mbisi hamwe nigitonyanga kiva mumazi yo mumijyi, ibikoresho bisanzwe bitagira umwanda birashobora guhaza ibikenewe. Nyamara, kugirango amazi y’amazi yanduye arimo ibintu byinshi bya chloride ion na sulfate ion, hasabwa guhitamo ibyuma byinshi birwanya ruswa, hamwe n’imiyoboro ifasha hamwe nibindi bikoresho. Urwego rujyanye nibikoresho byo kurwanya ruswa nabyo bigomba gutoranywa

Shyira Amazi ya Sisitemu Amazi

Sisitemu ya mashini yamashanyarazi igizwe na pompe yo guhinduranya ibyondo, kuvanga flokculasiyo, ikigega cyo gutondekanya amazi, gutegura imfashanyo ya coagulant no kuyikoresha, hamwe na sisitemu yamazi. Icyondo cyasohowe na sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi mabi yoherezwa mu kigega cyo kuvanga flokculasiyo na pompe y’ibyondo ihinduranya inshuro nyinshi, kivanze n’imfashanyo ya coagulant, kivanze neza, kijugunywa mu cyuma kinini, hanyuma cyoherezwa mu cyuma cyo kuvoma amazi kugira ngo umwuzure urangire. Sisitemu ifite sisitemu yo koza kugirango ikarabe rimwe na rimwe ibyondo na shitingi biva mu bice bya pisine kugirango ibikoresho bisukure.

Sisitemu yo gutanga byikora (imashini ifata ifuro). Imashini isukamo imashini ikenera amazi ikeneye guhora yongeramo infashanyo ya coagulant, umubare wimfashanyo ya coagulant ni nini, kandi ubukungu bwo kugura imfashanyo ya coagulant burakennye. Sisitemu muri rusange ifite ibikoresho byo gutegura byikora byimfashanyo ya coagulant. Ibikoresho bigizwe na pompe yumye yumye, ikigega cyo gutegura, ikigega gikiza hamwe nububiko. Ifu yumye ya polyacrylamide yuzuye neza kandi iringaniye mubikoresho byo gukwirakwiza amazi bitwarwa ninshuro yo kugaburira itwarwa na moteri ihindura inshuro. Nyuma yo kuvanga ubudahwema kandi bumwe hamwe namazi, igwa mukigega cyo kwitegura, ikanashonga kandi ikavangwa neza mugikorwa cya agitator. Amazi avanze atembera mu kigega cyo gukiza, bikomeza gukurura no gukira, hanyuma amaherezo yinjira mu kigega cyo kubikamo kugirango akoreshwe. Binyuze murwego rwamazi yo kugenzura ikigega cyo kubika, imikorere yikora igikoresho cyo gutanga cyikora irashobora kugerwaho. Ukurikije urwego rwamazi yububiko, ububiko bwamazi burashobora guhita butangira. Amazi yateguwe yimfashanyo ya coagulant arashobora kugenzurwa numuyoboro wamashanyarazi wigisanduku cyo gukuramo imfashanyo ya coagulant, kandi imfashanyo ya coagulant irashobora guhita yongerwa mumasanduku.

Ibibazo Bihuye Mugukoresha

1. Guhuza ikibazo cya slurry na coagulant imfashanyo

Hindura ingano yimfashanyo ya coagulant kugirango ihuze umuvuduko wibyondo kugirango ugenzure amazi yibyondo. Iyo ubwinshi bwa coagulant ari bunini, amazi yo mucyondo ntabwo byoroshye kuyungurura mu cyuho cya lamination kubera ibirimo coagulant, ubwiza bwamazi ariyongera, hanyuma ingaruka zo gusohoka no gusohora zikaba mbi, bikaviramo ibyondo bibi. Iyo ingano yimfashanyo ya coagulant ari nto, ingaruka zo gutandukanya ibice bikomeye namazi yo mucyondo biba bibi, kandi ibyondo byondo bikabuza icyuho cya lamination, kuburyo amazi yinjira arahagarikwa, kandi nubushuhe bwibyondo bikiyongera. Mugukoresha, urugero rwiza rwimfashanyo ya coagulant irashobora kugenwa hifashishijwe ikizamini cyo guhindura silinderi kugirango ugere ku ngaruka zishimishije.

Ingano yubunini bwicyuma cyinyuma cyicyuma cyinteko ya screw izagira ingaruka kubutaka bwicyondo. Icyuho gito cya plaque yinyuma izakenera imbaraga nini zo gutwara mugihe icyondo gisohotse mu cyuho. Muri icyo gihe, umuvuduko uri mu cyondo cy’icyondo cyo mu gice cy’amazi uziyongera, kandi ingaruka zo gukuramo imigozi ziriyongera. Kuma ibyondo bikomera, screw extrusion torque iriyongera, byoroshye guteza ibyangiritse.

3. Kwibanda ku gutegura imfashanyo ya coagulant

Iyo ibikoresho byateguwe byikora byimfashanyo ya coagulant ikora, igiteranyo cyinshi ni kinini, kandi ingano yifu yumye yoherejwe ninshuro yo kugaburira ifu yumye ni nini, idashobora guhita ikwirakwizwa mugihe cyamazi kandi ikwirakwizwa mumazi mugukwirakwiza amazi, bikaba byoroshye gutera guhuzagurika no kuzibira mumazi yo gutegura no gutembera nabi. Birakenewe kugenzura ubwinshi bwimfashanyo ya coagulant mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro, kandi ugashyiraho umuvuduko ukwiye wifu yifu yumye ukoresheje ikizamini, kugirango ikigega cyo kwitegura kidahurira mugikorwa cyo kwitegura. Amazi ya coagulant yakize afite amazi meza, kandi imikorere yikora yibikoresho byo gutegura coagulant irashobora kugerwaho mugihe gikenewe na dosiye. Mubisanzwe, kwibumbira hamwe kwa coagulant birashobora guhinduka 0.4 ~ 0.5ppm.

Byongeye kandi, kubera ubwiza bwimfashanyo ya coagulant, hagomba gutekerezwa byimazeyo kurwanya imiyoboro iva mu bubiko kugeza kubisanduku bipima. Umuyoboro na valve bifite umurambararo munini birashobora gukoreshwa mugushushanya kugirango wirinde gusohoka nabi no gusohoka bitarenze munsi yimbere yinjira mubikoresho byateguwe, kuburyo urwego rwamazi rwikigega cyo kubikamo ruzamuka kandi rukagwa, bigatuma urwego rwamazi rushyirwa mububiko, kandi akenshi rutangira kandi ruhagarika ibikoresho byose byo gutegura infashanyo ya coagulant.

4. Kumara igihe kinini

Nibyoroshye kuri shitingi ya screw guhunika mugihe ibikoresho bya screw desliming ibikoresho byatangiye nyuma yigihe kinini cyo guhagarika. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko ibyondo bisigaye mu nteko ya screw bigenda byuma buhoro buhoro, kandi icyuma cyumye kandi gikomeye cyahagaritswe ku cyondo nyuma yo gutangira, bikaviramo umuvuduko ukabije mu gice cyose cya desliming, hanyuma ibisigazwa by’ibyondo mu gice cyinyuma bikabura umwuma bikabije kandi bigakomera. Igikoresho cyose cya screw cyongera imbaraga zo kuzunguruka bitewe nicyondo gikomeye kandi kirwanya cyane, kandi impuruza irahagarara iyo irenze itara ryinshi rya moteri ya shitingi. Ndetse kubera umuriro mwinshi uterwa no kwangirika kwa screw shaft. Kubwibyo, muri buri kuzimya imashini ya screw desmud yegeranye, igomba kubanza guhagarika kugaburira ibyondo mugice cya screw hanyuma igakomeza kwiruka muminota 10 kugirango isohore burundu icyondo nigitereko mumashanyarazi, cyangwa ikoreshe uburyo buke bwogukora kugirango igabanye ingaruka zo guhagarika igihe kirekire. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhumura umunwa wibyondo kugirango ikure burundu ibisigazwa byibyondo mumateraniro ya screw kugirango ikoreshwe igihe kirekire.

5. Kubungabunga no kuvugurura nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo gukora

Nyuma yimyaka ibiri ikora, icyondo cyafashe mucyuma cya screw cyarabaye, kandi ikibazo cyakomeje kugaragara inshuro nyinshi nyuma yo kuyisenya no kuyisukura. Mugupima icyuho kiri hagati yumuzingi uzenguruka nimpeta igenda, usanga ikinyuranyo kiri hagati yisahani izenguruka nimpeta yimuka ya spiral igera kuri 5 ~ 6mm ugereranije. Impeta yimuka ikata ibinono bimwe kuruhande rwinyuma rwicyapa cyizengurutse bitewe no gutambuka kwambukiranya impeta yimuka ya plaque. Abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga basya igice kinini cyibiti muri gahunda yabanjirije gusenya no kuyitunganya, ibyo bikaba bigabanya umurambararo wo hanze wa plaque spiral kandi bikongera ikinyuranyo gihuye hagati yumuzingi uzenguruka nimpeta yimuka. Iyo icyondo cyicyondo gikubiswe, gisubira inyuma kuruhande rwinyuma rwikizunguruka gifite umuvuduko muke ugereranije, bigatuma habaho gukwirakwira cyane no gukama no gukomeretsa ibyondo mucyondo cya spiral, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka kumyuka iva mucyondo kandi bigatera guhagarara. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri yo gukoresha, kwambara ntibiri munsi ya 0.1mm, kandi igice kinini cyimyambarire ni impande zinyuma zisahani. Nyuma yo gusana impande zinyuma zisahani, ikigereranyo cyo hagati yicyapa kizenguruka nimpeta igenda ni 1-1.5mm. Nyuma yo kongera gushyirwaho, uruziga rwasanwe rugereranwa nigikoresho gishya cyizengurutswe, kandi ibyondo byo gusohora ibyondo bya shitingi yasanwe ni nkibya shitingi nshya. Imikorere yumwimerere yibikoresho yagaruwe, kandi nta cyondo kibaye nyuma y'amezi 3 ikora.

Ibyiza by'ibikoresho byo Kuvoma Amazi

1) Umuvuduko muke n urusaku ruke. Ibikoresho bizunguruka bikora bifite umuvuduko muke wo kuzunguruka, gukoresha ingufu nke, imikorere ihamye nta kunyeganyega n urusaku ruke, bifasha kugabanya kwambara no kongera igihe cyibikorwa byibikoresho.

2) Kugenzura kure biroroshye kubishyira mubikorwa. Ibikoresho bikora bigenzura ibyondo mugihe cyogusuzuma buri gihe, kandi bigahindura urugero rwimfashanyo ya coagulant n'umuvuduko wa shitingi unyuze muri sisitemu ya DCS ya kure kugirango igenzure ingaruka zibyondo.

3) Umubare muto wo gukora no kubungabunga. Ibikoresho bigenda neza, ibice byimuka kwambara bikoreshwa ni bito, birashobora guhura nibikorwa byigihe kirekire bikomeza, ntibikeneye kubungabungwa kenshi.

4) Kubika umwanya. Imashini yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi ni ntoya mubunini kandi ifite ikirenge gito, gifasha kubika umwanya.

5) Guhindura ibisohoka byoroshye. Muguhindura inshuro ya pompe yicyondo kugirango igenzure ibyondo no guhindura umuvuduko wumugozi winteko ya screw, umusaruro wibikoresho urashobora guhindurwa neza kugirango uhuze umusaruro wibyondo, kandi imikorere myiza ya sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi meza irashobora gukomeza.

6) Kurwanya imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y’ibyondo no kuvura. Ubwinshi bwibyondo ni 10Kg / m3, bihwanye nubushuhe bwa sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi mabi. Irashobora gukoreshwa mukuvura umwuma nta nzira yo kwibanda. Imihindagurikire y’ibyondo ntigira uruhare runini ku mirimo yimashini yo kuvoma ubwoko bwa screw, kandi ubuhehere buri mubyondo burahoraho.

Guteganya Gushyira mu bikorwa Amazi ya Dehydrator

Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryinganda zingufu zamashanyarazi, urwego rwo kwihuta rugenda rwiyongera, kandi imikorere yintoki isimburwa buhoro buhoro no kugenzura byikora. Kwizerwa no gutuza kumikorere yibikoresho nibyo bintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yikora. Ibigo bigabanya imikoreshereze yabakozi, kandi umubare wibikoresho bigenzurwa na buri mukozi wiyongera cyane, ibyo bikaba bitanga ibisabwa hejuru kubikoresho bitagenzuwe. Kugeza ubu, isahani hamwe na kadamu dehumidifier na centrifugal dehumidifier ikoreshwa cyane mugikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi mabi yinganda zingufu. Isahani hamwe na kadamu dehumidifier ni ibikoresho byogukora rimwe na rimwe, kandi biragoye koza ibyondo byometse kumurongo wimyambaro yimashini mugihe cyo gukora, bityo rero bigomba gukurikiranwa no gusukurwa nintoki aho hantu. Ubuzima bwa serivisi yimyenda yabanyamakuru bugarukira, kandi bugomba gusimburwa buri gihe. Nyamara, imashini itanga amazi ya centrifugal ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ibisabwa byuzuye kugirango bitwarwe nibindi bice bizunguruka, akazi gakomeye ko kubungabunga, igiciro kinini cyibice bisobanutse neza n urusaku rwinshi mubikorwa ni ibibazo bisanzwe. Nyuma yo gukemura, imashini itwara amazi ya casade irashobora kugera kubikorwa bihoraho kandi bihamye, umuvuduko muke mukigikorwa, urusaku ruke, guhindura imikorere ikwiye yibyondo byibyondo, kwambara ibikoresho ni bito, imirimo yo kubungabunga ni nto. Abakozi bari ku kazi bakora igenzura buri gihe, kandi bagategura neza urugero rw’imfashanyo ya coagulant ukurikije uko ibyondo byifashe kugirango bagenzure neza ibyondo by’ibyondo mu rugero runaka. Ibyondo byo kugaburira ibyondo bifite intera nini yo guhindura, kandi ibisohoka birashobora guhindurwa neza hagati yimigezi mike nigipimo cyagenwe. Hamwe noguhindura dosiye yimfashanyo ya coagulant, urwego rusohoka rushobora guhinduka neza. MACHINE SCREW DEWATERING MACHINE ifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura no gutangira kure, ihujwe nigikoresho cyo gutanga cyikora cyimfashanyo ya coagulant, sisitemu yo kugenzura gahunda ya DCS yashyizweho kugirango ihuze ibisabwa nibikorwa bya kure no kugenzura byikora.

Muri gahunda yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi, ibisabwa byo kuzigama amazi bigenda byiyongera, kandi ikoreshwa ry’amazi ya komini ryashyizeho ibisabwa byinshi kugirango habeho amazi mabi mu mashanyarazi. Ibihumyo n’ibinyabuzima biri mu mazi byiyongereye ku bwinshi, kandi umusaruro w’ibyondo wiyongereye uko bikwiye. Amazi arakomeye, kandi mugihe isahani hamwe nimashini yo kuvoma ikoreshwa muguhumura ibyondo, icyondo kiroroshye guhuza kumyenda yo kuyungurura isahani hamwe nimashini itanga amazi mugikorwa. Ikigereranyo cyibinyabuzima kiba ari gito, nacyo gitera ingorane mugikorwa cyo kuvomerera imashini itanga amazi ya centrifugal. Ikoreshwa ryimashini itanga amazi irashobora guhindura imyanda y’ibyondo ukurikije imiterere y’umwanda, kandi ikagenzura ibirimo ibyondo by’ibyondo ukurikije ihinduka ryuzuye ry’imfashanyo ya coagulant, kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byubwoko butandukanye bwo kuvoma amazi.

Mugukoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi ya desulfurisiyasi mumashanyarazi, birakenewe guhitamo imashini itwara amazi yamashanyarazi ikwiranye na sisitemu ya desulfurizasi hamwe na sulfate nyinshi hamwe nibikoresho bya ion bya chloride kugirango birinde kwangirika vuba no kwangirika kwicyuma gisanzwe kitagira umwanda mubidukikije. Imyanda ya sima ya sima ifite isukari nyinshi cyane, ikibazo cyo gufatira hamwe gikunze kugaragara mugukora isahani hamwe nimashini yo kuvoma imashini irashobora gukemurwa neza mugukoresha imashini yo kuvoma ubwoko bwa screw.

Imashini isukuye imashini irashobora kandi gukoreshwa cyane mugusuzuma no gukusanya ibintu bito mumazi. Kurugero, mugihe icyorezo cya cyanobacteria mugace k’amazi, gikoreshwa mugukusanya cyanobacteria mumazi. Amazi avanze arimo umubare munini wa cyanobacteria yinjizwa muburyo bwimashini itwara amazi, kandi cyanobacteria idafite umwuma ikomeza gupakirwa no gukusanywa, hamwe no gukusanya neza no gukora byoroshye.

Indi mirima ikoreshwa, nko koroshya uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi, gutunganya umwuma wibyondo byibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi ya komine, kuvura umubare munini w’ibiterwa biterwa no gutandukanya ibintu byangiza mu zindi nganda, nibindi, gutondekanya imashini yangiza amazi nayo ihitamo neza, ihujwe no gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura byikora, birafasha cyane murwego rwo kugenzura byikora.